Paper No :(5)The
Romantic Literature
Topic Name: Narrative technique
in Frankenstein
ROLL NO: 11
Email:
mdodiya26@gmail.com
Submitted to: Department
of English
v Introduction:-
Marry
Wollstonecraft Shelley was an English novelist, short-story writer, dramatist,
essayist, biographer and travel writer, best known for her Gothic Novel Frankenstein:
or the modern Prometheus .she was born 30,1797somers tower London, United
Kingdom. She was only 19 year old when she began the novel. By age 21, she was
acknowledged as the author.
v Major Characters in Frankenstein:
v Narrative Technique in Frankenstein
:
Mary Shelley had many narrative
conventions hitherto followed by earlier writers.jane Austen had written many novels,
but the area, she covered was restricted to one or two families. since the
novel is said to have originated in the so-called ‘ghost-story’ contex,she fell
back on the gothic tradition ,but altered it drastically .so much so that the
novel as it was published could hardly be called Gothic ,for ,with a few exceptions,
no supernatural trappings. As a literary heiress two great and eminent
intellectuals, Mary seems to have
examined and tested all existing convenions,but she found none which could suit
her: she invented her own-a hybrid of ‘Chinese box’, ‘point of view’,
‘indirections ‘and framed or Embedded Narrative was taken by Walton Who writes
to his sister Mrs.saville.
Mary shelly wrote the novel ‘Frenkenstein.she
is write the structure of the novel is style of narrative technique. Mary Shelley
uses a multiple narrative uses the voices of multiple characters within the
text. Epistolary narratives can also use letters to detail parts of the plot
and storyline. Some readers may forget, as they move through the novel, that
Walton is responsible for telling the story of victor and his creation.
The novel opens with four
letters written by Walton to his sister, Mrs.saville. The letters are written in
first person. At the end of letter, Walton agrees to hear the stranger’s tale.
The stranger declares that his destiny is deter min,
nothing can change it.Undersatnding the importance of the stranger’s tale,
Walton decides to take note son the story.
· I
have resolved every night, when I am not imperatively occupied by my duties,
torecord, as nearly as possible in his own words.
· Therefore,
this sets the narrative voice-Walton’s telling of victor’s story.
The whole story is narrated through
first person narration with two different viewpoints. First is from the
viewpoint of Frankenstein; and the other, Walton. In this article, I am going
to discuss the use of first-person narration to show the reliability of the
story.
There are three different narratives in Frankenstein:-
ü A
Framing device is used whena someone’s story is told through letters.
ü The
readers is introduced to Robert is writing to his sister about his adventures
in searching for the Northpole, the Robert and the audience meet victor.
ü Victor
than tell Robert history about he ended up in the North Pole. The reader learns
of his creature, victor’s past..Essentially the story of Frankenstein.
The circumstances give birth to Mary
Shelley’s novel Frankenstein read like something from a Gothic story in
themselves. Mary Shelley’s Frenkenstein,a story of scientific transgression and
cautionary warning about the need actions; and John polydori’s the vampyre, a
tale which influence Bran stocker’s novel Dracula.
Frenkenstein’narrative technique explained and
simplified Frankenstein present us with a Chinese box style narrative –this
means that there are narration within narration.
v Structure and Narrative:-
The structure of Frankenstein is
very largely determined by the way in which the narrative is organized: this is
fully discussed in the section Narrative is framed by another, so that
different parts of the story are recounted by different narrators.
v Basic structure:-
Largely, the novel
consists of a single story which takes Frankenstein from childhood in Geneva to
his death in the Arctic board captain Walton’s ship. All the action of novel
arises from:
v When other stories are told-such as
that of the de Laceys, Justine or Elizabeth-they are subordinate to this
central action.
v Comparison with Walton:-
The clasest the novel comes to what
might be an alternative, or, sub-plot is the story of Captain Walton. But this
plot, with its special importance on aim, analysis and obsessive search for new
discoveries is in reality a kind of echo of Frankenstein’s story, and the main
reason why Walton welcomes victor so warmly is that he finds him a kindred
spirit. However, the stories do diverge, in that Walton, unlike.victor,is
forced to acknowledge and accede to the wishes of other people. Whereas
Frankenstein can pursue his studies in isolation, Walton is depended on his
crew. When his crew demand to return to England upon their ship becoming
lie-bond, Walton has to submit to their demands.
v
Narrative Technique:-
One of the main effect this style of
narration has on the narrative, is it makes it unreliable. We are told
different versions of the storey and what we are told by Walton is third person.
Do we believe the creature’s storey about himself? Before meeting the DeLacey’s
he was inarticulate and ‘Childlike’. He did not recognize human emotions so how
can he portray them to the reader.
There are a Lot of idea about why Shelly
chose to use this style of narration. Victor says he wants to ‘penetrate the
secrets of nature’-clarifying that science is all about trying to find out how
the wold works. In this sense, it could be said that victor is trying to adopt
the roll of god…all seeing, highlighting how victor is fighting a losing battle
against science. Victor and the creature have separate narrations, just as they
have separate lives. Victor created creature, and so therefore had the
responsibility to take in the rose of the mother; the protector. Instead of
facing up to what he had done, he ran away from his responsibilities and left
the creature to frend for himself. Victor and the creature going their separate
ways reflect their separate narratives.
v Frame Narrative:
We all know about that frame narrative also
.Frame narrative is a literary technique used to contain an embedded narrative,
story within a story also to provide the reader with context about the main narrative.
A frame narrative, also known as a framing narrative or a frame story, might be
found in the beginning, middle or end of the story. It can also connect this
type of structure as all the stories. This frame narrative technique achieves a
number of effects, influencing how we read and understand the text, and also
influencing response to the characters and narrators. Firstly, the fact that
the stories of all three narrators seems to cocur adds credibility to narrative
this is, however, deceptive, as each narrator is able to give his own view of
events without danger of contradiction-all three are together only after the
death of Fleckenstein. In addition to this ,both Frankenstein and Walton are
able to edit only their own stories but those of the “framed’narrators.We
have,really,only Walton’s version of events-he gives his version of
Frankenstein’s version of his story-and we are under no obligation to believe Walton.
The second effect of the frame narrative is that it provides us with a number
of perspectives, giving more than one version of the truth. Remembering that we
remember that the narratives of the creature and Frankenstein are coloured by
the retelling of their tales, we are presented with three different personal
views on the story.
The frame structure also works well because
Shelley builds suspense from the beginning. By being able to view victor first
after his pursuit of the Monster, the reader wants to know what made victor so
sick, why he was pursuing a creature, and what brought him to such a remote
location. By using Walton as the overall narrator to whom the story is told,
Shelley can easily begin with the suspenseful ‘’present’’ and flash back to the
causes of victor’s condition. We all know about that victor Frankenstein and
Walton both are mirror character.so, Frame narrative technique used in the
novel of Mary Shelley.
v For example of ghost story :
We all know about the story of Frankenstein
is Ghost-story also. There are many Horror shows are our Indian TV serial and
also Bollywood and Hollywood type of movie.
For example TV horror serial like Aahat, Bhut aaya, Aap biti, AAHAT, Shhh koi
hai, kala saya, koi aane KO hai ,this type of TV serial where a women or a men
take a revenge of his death in Every
story.
‘The Witch ‘Movie also a horror movie the
age-old concepts of witchcraft, black magic and riveting story also.
v Conclusion:
We all know
about the story of Frenkenstein.it is also Ghost story. Mary Shelley is used
narrative technique and frame narrative structure in this novel Frankenstein.
Finally the frame narrative reinforces the message of the text-anyone behaving
like Frankenstein will come to no good-by having the entire story told in the
barren wastes of the Arctic. We all know about that Frankenstein had failed and
was at death’s door as the narrative began-we were presented with this ‘warning
‘at the beginning of the text, as well as its being shown to us more directly
and in greater detail at the end.
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